{"id":41776,"date":"2025-06-12T10:00:24","date_gmt":"2025-06-12T08:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/does-a-hen-lay-one-egg-per-day\/"},"modified":"2026-03-09T11:18:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T10:18:19","slug":"does-a-hen-lay-one-egg-per-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/does-a-hen-lay-one-egg-per-day\/","title":{"rendered":"Does a hen lay one egg per day?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"41776\" class=\"elementor elementor-41776 elementor-37288\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a4a6a4f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4a4a6a4f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65edd920 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"65edd920\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68c2f740 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"68c2f740\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d4b28bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d4b28bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-260x260.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-41778\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48fd6ad8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"48fd6ad8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-527b6b27 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"527b6b27\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-748c2873 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"748c2873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-260x260.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-41778\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Couverture-1-oeuf-par-jour_ENG.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e2a826d elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"6e2a826d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">No, not exactly!<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__description'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>On average, a hen lays an egg every 24 to 26 hours, taking breaks from time to time. This laying rhythm is never perfectly constant: it varies according to a hen's genetics, evolves throughout its life, and is influenced by environmental factors. To maintain regular production, a hen needs at least 12 hours of light per day and a temperature below 30\u00b0C (86\u00b0F). This is why egg laying naturally slows as days shorten (from autumn onward, reaching a minimum in winter) or during periods of high temperatures.   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-724ec10a elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"724ec10a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32c501e8 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"32c501e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25-06-Does-a-hen-lay-one-egg-per-day.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" download=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download pdf<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1508a7c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1508a7c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keep in mind<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11dfc9aa elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"11dfc9aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-egg\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">At peak laying, hens lay one egg every 24 to 26 hours.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-sun\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In order to lay eggs, hens need at least 12 hours of light per day and an ambient temperature below 30\u00b0C.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Capa_1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewBox=\"0 0 175.938 175.938\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 175.938 175.938;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path d=\"M157.586,32.771c0.189-4.432-1.308-9.012-3.583-11.348c2.154-2.932,3.391-7.297,1.992-10.67 c-0.889-2.143-3.155-4.703-8.9-4.703c-0.453,0-0.928,0.016-1.411,0.045C144.269,2.537,140.753,0,137.019,0 c-1.929,0-5.444,0.695-8.307,5.125c-0.35-0.063-0.739-0.09-1.163-0.09c-2.72,0-7.817,1.516-9.897,5.574 c-1.128,2.205-1.696,5.875,1.699,11.066c-1.793,2.744-7.083,11.647-12.359,28.311c-2.216,6.988-9.731,23.252-31.642,23.252 c-16.402,0-36.853-9.203-60.778-27.353c-0.269-0.207-0.594-0.316-0.932-0.316c-0.125,0-0.245,0.018-0.364,0.047 c-0.453,0.105-0.829,0.414-1.03,0.828c-0.223,0.461-5.026,11.104,12.809,29.277c-2.899,0.613-5.715,2.115-6.686,4.955 c-1.223,3.566,0.93,7.781,6.394,12.52c-1.342,0.602-2.552,1.492-3.125,3.014c-1.057,2.811,0.355,6.904,4.726,13.678 c6.795,10.551,22.351,34.639,59.174,36.621c-0.013,0.146-0.043,0.289-0.043,0.434v18.168h-6.382c-2.985,0-5.41,2.426-5.41,5.414 c0,2.994,2.425,5.414,5.41,5.414h32.863c2.987,0,5.41-2.42,5.41-5.414c0-2.988-2.423-5.414-5.41-5.414H96.321v-18.168 c0-0.158-0.034-0.313-0.052-0.459c15.081-0.906,27.998-5.324,37.612-12.932c11.14-8.811,17.029-21.27,17.029-36.051 c-0.17-8.383-1.299-13.791-2.39-19.031c-1.129-5.422-2.199-10.545-2.284-18.867c-0.082-3.645,1.087-8.598,3.874-11.445 c1.428-1.463,3.151-2.199,5.115-2.199c2.015,0,4.318,0.758,6.843,2.248c0.239,0.146,0.514,0.223,0.788,0.223 c0.23,0,0.461-0.059,0.676-0.158c0.465-0.223,0.79-0.67,0.859-1.184C164.43,46.762,165.332,39.34,157.586,32.771z\"><\/path><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In farming, hens generally lay between 280 and 320 eggs per year and often have short careers.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46aef97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"46aef97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref110\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce61d02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce61d02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Production and consumption<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3e01f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3e01f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Egg production and consumption in France<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25c85d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"25c85d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c516e05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c516e05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Production<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed63242 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed63242\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>57 million hens are raised for their eggs in France, making France<strong> one of the largest egg-producing countries in the European Union<\/strong>. In 2023, the French laying-hen sector produced 99% of the eggs consumed in France<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the sector remains vulnerable to risks: avian influenza, for example, led to a decrease in egg production in France in 2022<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>. France is not the only country affected: in the United States, the avian influenza epidemic that began in 2022 has already affected more than 170 million poultry (infected or culled as a precautionary measure)<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>, mainly laying hens, between February 2022 and January 2025. This has led to <strong>a significant decrease in the supply of eggs and a sharp increase in the average price of eggs in early 2025<\/strong>.<\/p><p>In recent years, the laying hen sector has <strong>undertaken the conversion of enriched cage systems to alternative systems<\/strong> (free-run, free-range, and organic) to meet the commitments of major retailers and numerous operators who, faced with societal demand, have decided to stop marketing shell eggs from enriched cage systems (code 3) by the end of 2025<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>. If the number of poultry houses remains unchanged and they are not expanded, this conversion will lead to a reduction in housing capacity, with an estimated loss of 2.5 to 3 million places (each place representing the space needed for one hen) in France. Indeed, in enriched cage systems, each hen must have a minimum of 750 cm\u00b2, compared to approximately 1,000 cm\u00b2 per hen in free-run or free-range systems. <strong>Switching from caged farming to floor or free-range farming therefore reduces the number of hens per building.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55be15b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55be15b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f023b68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f023b68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Codes oeufs_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3ODQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvQ29kZXMtb2V1ZnNfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-41784\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG.png 1920w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG-500x112.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG-1280x287.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Codes-oeufs_ENG-1536x344.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bd0827 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"9bd0827\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref15\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd223fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd223fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Consumption<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a53975 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a53975\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 2023, the average French person consumed <strong>224 eggs annually<\/strong>, 24 more than in 2013<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>. This represents slightly more than <strong>four eggs per week<\/strong>. This includes shell eggs as well as processed eggs present in food products (egg products). Egg products accounted for 41% of annual egg consumption in 2023, or approximately 92 eggs per person in France.<\/p><p>While egg production and consumption in France are closely linked to consumer choices, farming methods, and the number of hens in production, they depend above all on one central element: <strong>the laying hen itself<\/strong>. It is its biological rhythm that determines, egg after egg, the volume of production. Understanding the mechanisms of egg formation therefore allows for a better grasp of the challenges and limitations of the industry.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5118ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c5118ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74e159f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74e159f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Domestication and the role of egg laying<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8c17cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c8c17cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domestication of chicken began several thousand years ago from the European Red Junglefowl (G. gallus spadiceus), a species of Phasianidae native to Southeast Asia. In this wild ancestor, the natural reproductive cycle is limited to a single clutch <strong>per year, consisting of fewer than six eggs<\/strong>.<\/p><p>The domestic chicken (G. gallus domesticus), on the other hand, <strong>can lay eggs all year round<\/strong>. This ability is the first recorded evidence of the <strong>disappearance of seasonal laying<\/strong><a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>, the result of the selection carried out by humans over time based on this trait.<\/p><p>Furthermore, egg production <strong>does not necessarily involve a rooster<\/strong>: hens can lay eggs on their own. Without fertilization, the eggs produced will not hatch into chicks<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>. It is these unfertilized eggs that are used for consumption.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1af1a7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1af1a7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref69\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb40566 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb40566\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Egg formation<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66a45bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66a45bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Egg formation<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f55c097 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f55c097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Adult hens have several thousand ovarian follicles, each containing one egg. These follicles develop only in the hen&#8217;s left ovary, which is the only functional one! The right ovary is non-functional in all hens. In the left ovary, follicles begin to grow, forming the yolk, also known as the vitellus, in about ten days. Once mature, the vitellus is released from the ovary into the oviduct (ovulation), a tube approximately 65 cm long where the egg will continue to develop.<\/p><p>Within a few hours, in the part of the oviduct called the magnum, the egg white (albumen) forms around the vitellus, which rotates on itself in order to remain centered.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39958b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"39958b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dd7336 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0dd7336\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Focus jaune et blanc_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3ODYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvRm9jdXMtamF1bmUtZXQtYmxhbmNfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"732\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-41786\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG.png 1920w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG-500x191.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG-1280x488.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG-768x293.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Focus-jaune-et-blanc_ENG-1536x586.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Based on Ahn , DU, Kim, SM, &amp; Shu, H. (1997). Effect of egg size and strain and age of hens on the solid contents of chicken eggs. Poultry science, 76(6), 914-919.  <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dbce09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9dbce09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The egg then continues its journey through the oviduct and reaches a new section, the isthmus, where two shell membranes are formed from calcium carbonate.<\/p><p>Once in the uterus, the egg takes on its oval shape and continues to rotate, allowing the shell to form evenly. Still in the uterus, the eggshell is colored by pigments.<\/p><p>Once all these steps are completed, the egg is expelled through the last part of the oviduct, the cloaca: this is oviposition.<strong> This stage lasts on average 30 to 45 minutes,<\/strong> depending on the breed<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>, during which the hen remains on the nest.<\/p><p><strong>24 to 26 hours are required between ovulation of the yolk and egg laying<\/strong><a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40ccd5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"40ccd5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Formation oeuf_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3ODgsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvRm9ybWF0aW9uLW9ldWZfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG-1280x635.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41788\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG-1280x635.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG-500x248.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG-768x381.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG-1536x762.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Formation-oeuf_ENG.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f5314 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"83f5314\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f65e251 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f65e251\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3adc14 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d3adc14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-993b297 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"993b297\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5974\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b324e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"6b324e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">Did you know?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__description'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>In France, brown eggs are the most commonly consumed, while in the United States, white eggs are predominant. This difference is related to chicken breed: in France, farms mainly raise red hens, such as the Rode Island Red, which lay brown eggs. In the United States, breeds like the White Leghorn, with white plumage, are preferred, as they lay white-shelled eggs.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e40389d elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"e40389d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref1011\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a087db elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a087db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Egg-laying behavior<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aabe201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aabe201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Egg-laying behavior<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cb1394 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cb1394\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Building a nest is an essential behavioral need for hens<\/strong>. Before laying eggs, they exhibit this behavior by scratching the ground or litter, turning over in the nest, and, if possible, collecting bedding to furnish it. For the nest to be used, it must be well located, and have an attractive color, lighting,and flooring. If these conditions are not met, hens may lay outside the nest, and the eggs must be collected manually by the breeder, which is an additional workload.<\/p><p>An egg laid outside the nest is an egg whose laying date is unknown. It is therefore automatically downgraded as unfit for human consumption. It can be used for other purposes, such as animal feed. In addition, these eggs are often soiled, broken, or eaten by the hens, which makes them unmarketable, resulting in a loss for the breeder<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[10],[11]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-974420f elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"974420f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref1213\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a492cb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a492cb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Factors influencing egg laying<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fa7204 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2fa7204\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In hens, ovulation can occur almost daily, allowing for the laying of one egg per day for several consecutive days. This is known as a &#8220;clutch&#8221;. Clutches are interspersed with &#8220;pauses&#8221;, or days without egg production. A clutch lasts around ten days on average. However, <strong>modern laying hens, highly specialized for egg production, can achieve clutches of over 100 days<\/strong><a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b773e39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b773e39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">During the life of a hen<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8418e30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8418e30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hens generally <strong>start laying eggs at around 17 to 18 weeks of age<\/strong>, after reaching puberty. They then reach their peak laying age at <strong>around 28 weeks<\/strong>, during which time their egg production is at its highest. At their peak, hens will lay eggs around <strong>9 days out of 10<\/strong>. From 44 weeks onwards, egg production gradually begins to decline: this phase is called \u201cpersistency\u201d, where hens continue to lay eggs until around 75 to 76 weeks (i.e., up to around a year and a half), at which age they are often sent to slaughter or sometimes adopted by private individuals<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8334605 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8334605\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Courbe de ponte_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3OTAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvQ291cmJlLWRlLXBvbnRlX0VORy5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"376\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-1280x602.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41790\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-1280x602.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-500x235.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-768x361.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-1536x722.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Courbe-de-ponte_ENG-2048x963.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84ac550 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84ac550\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aefa866 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aefa866\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6d9539 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e6d9539\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b01a78 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8b01a78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5974\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-ampoule-blanche-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-968ac1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"968ac1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">Did you know?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__description'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>A so-called \u201cspent\u201d laying hen is over 18 months old, and generally destined for slaughter. It can sometimes be adopted by individuals. Although it continues to lay eggs, its laying rate is lower than production requirements.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb1236d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb1236d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In private homes, <strong>a hen\u2019s lifespan can reach 12 years<\/strong>. However, egg <strong>production gradually decreases from the age of 3<\/strong>, then comes to a stop around 6 to 8 years, depending on the breed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88e9a4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"88e9a4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Throughout the year<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e39904 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e39904\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hens <strong>need approximately 12 hours of light per day<\/strong> to keep their laying rhythm. In autumn and winter, since days are shorter, egg production naturally decreases. Similarly, in hot weather, <strong>above 30\u00b0C,<\/strong> hens reduce their feed intake, affecting both the quantity and quality of production.<\/p><p>Once they reach adulthood (from 18 months of age), hens may enter a <strong>molting period<\/strong>, a natural phenomenon during which they renew part of their plumage. During molting, <strong>egg production stops for about 3 weeks<\/strong>. Once molting is over, egg laying resumes and the number of eggs laid per hen is increased compared to the pre-molting period<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>. <strong>This phenomenon is &#8220;invisible&#8221; in laying hen farms, due to the young age of hens.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af33bed elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"af33bed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref1415\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52aad11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"52aad11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-8660\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-8660\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \ud83d\udc14 Focus on the molting of hens  <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-8660\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25dfc74 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"25dfc74\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-8660\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc2ed2c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dc2ed2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5852dce elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5852dce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2027\/06\/Mue-1006x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-37389\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2027\/06\/Mue-1006x1024.png 1006w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2027\/06\/Mue-491x500.png 491w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2027\/06\/Mue-768x782.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2027\/06\/Mue.png 1328w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74801f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74801f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Moulting is the period when hens naturally lose and renew their feathers. This phenomenon, which is completely normal in birds, is usually accompanied by a temporary halt in egg-laying.<\/p><p>In nature, moulting generally occurs <strong>in autumn<\/strong>, after the breeding and incubation period and before migration in wild birds. In farms outside the European Union<a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>, it can be triggered deliberately to allow hens to \u2018take a break\u2019, but this involves drastically reducing their feed and access to water. This allows them to regain energy, improve their performance and produce better quality eggs for a new laying cycle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e47ec1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5e47ec1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c149b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54c149b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Influence of genetics<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92c0a75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"92c0a75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Another factor that determines egg production is <strong>genetics<\/strong>. The naturally occurring genetic variability among hens has been used to select the most productive individuals. This selection has led to the development of particularly high-performing commercial breeds, now capable of <strong>laying more than 300 eggs per year<\/strong>. The Isa Brown, for example, is one such breed.<\/p><p>Selection focuses in particular on age at puberty: <strong>the younger the pullets<\/strong> (young hens that have not yet reached sexual maturity) <strong>are when they reach puberty, the earlier they begin laying eggs<\/strong>. Another criterion concerns laying persistence, that is, the hens&#8217; ability to maintain high egg production over a prolonged period. Extending laying careers would allow for a reduction in the total number of animals raised while maintaining the level of production <a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ced504 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"0ced504\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref1819\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ab0b7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ab0b7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Influence of livestock farming systems<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db7ab27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db7ab27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Farming methods<\/strong> influence the rate and quantity of eggs laid. In indoor settings, optimized conditions (feed, artificial light, selective breeding) allow hens to maintain a laying rate of almost one egg per day throughout the entire productive phase. To keep hens productive, <strong>a stable photoperiod of 14 to 16 hours of light per day is maintained in the buildings<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Regardless of the photoperiod, the moment light (natural or artificial) disappears automatically &#8220;triggers&#8221; ovulation. Ovulation will occur approximately 6 hours after the lights go out. In enclosed buildings, it is therefore possible to use this physiological effect to shift egg laying throughout the day<strong> by changing the lighting period<\/strong>, and thus the timing of ovulation in hens. This can be used to change the egg collection period.<\/p><p>In extensive farming systems, particularly free-range systems, natural variations in daylight do not allow the same high laying rates as in fully indoor systems. <strong>Organic farming standards allow natural light to be supplemented with artificial lighting, up to a maximum of 16 hours of light per day,<\/strong> provided that hens are given a continuous nighttime <strong>rest period of at least 8 hours without artificial light.<\/strong><\/p><p>The composition of an egg depends primarily <strong>on the hens&#8217; diet<\/strong>, not on the farming system. Thus, the positive image of &#8220;free-range&#8221; eggs among consumers rests more on a positive perception of the farming method than on any real nutritional or qualitative differences. The color of the yolk, linked to carotenoid intake, <strong>is generally more intense in hens with access to an outdoor range<\/strong>, even if their diet is identical, than in those raised in enriched cages. However, eggs from conventional farms can also appear more colored due to the <strong>addition of red pigments to the feed<\/strong><a href=\"#renvoi\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a13795 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a13795\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"influence mode d&#039;\u00e9levage_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3OTIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvaW5mbHVlbmNlLW1vZGUtZGVsZXZhZ2VfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"408\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG-1280x652.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41792\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG-1280x652.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG-500x255.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG-768x391.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG-1536x782.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/influence-mode-delevage_ENG.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c2bb97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7c2bb97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-919f2ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"919f2ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"ref3134\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1852a34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1852a34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d95a6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d95a6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A hen&#8217;s laying rate, although averaging one egg every 24 to 26 hours, varies <strong>depending on numerous biological and environmental factors<\/strong>. These include a <strong>hen&#8217;s genetics, age, total daytime, and room temperature<\/strong>. <strong>Environmental factors<\/strong> impact its physiology and its ability to produce eggs.<\/p><p>In poultry farming, to maintain production, these variations can be <strong>partially controlled<\/strong>. Laying hens are selected to <strong>start laying early, often have short careers, and are culled young<\/strong>, after only one laying cycle, to avoid the natural decline in performance associated with age. Ultimately, in poultry farming, a hen lays between 280 and 320 eggs per year.<\/p><p>However, although these practices optimize yield while meeting market demands, they also raise questions regarding the <strong>balance between animal welfare, economic profitability and farming systems sustainability<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e35b7aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e35b7aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9183025 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9183025\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In short<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6b223c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6b223c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c56e3a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c56e3a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Illustration-fin-r\u00e9sum\u00e9_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDE3OTQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wNlwvSWxsdXN0cmF0aW9uLWZpbi1yZXN1bWVfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1350\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-41794\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png 1080w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-400x500.png 400w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-768x960.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f729ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8f729ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bf2d7fb elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4bf2d7fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7245462 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"7245462\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"renvoi\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-412cde6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"412cde6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1091\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1091\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Reference<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1091\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1091\"><p><a href=\"#ref15\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> See also our <a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/all-about-laying-hens\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">species sheet<\/a>!<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref15\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculture.gouv.fr\/influenza-aviaire-la-situation-en-france\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Influenza aviaire : la situation en France<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref15\"><sup>[3] <\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/agriculture.gouv.fr\/le-bien-etre-et-la-protection-des-vaches-viande\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) \u2013 <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/bird-flu\/situation-summary\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">H5 Bird Flu: Current Situation<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref15\"><sup>[4] <\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https:\/\/www.itavi.asso.fr\/publications\/caracteristiques-et-avenir-du-parc-batiment-pondeuses-en-cage\/download&amp;ved=2ahUKEwin3tyAzPCMAxUQ2AIHHV1YC9UQFnoECCUQAQ&amp;usg=AOvVaw21Pa1P09r7e2dP8YwtrbOH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Caract\u00e9ristiques et avenir du parc b\u00e2timent pondeuses en cages \u2013 ITAVI<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref15\"><sup>[5] <\/sup><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/oeuf-info.fr\/pdfs\/dp-juin-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Dossier de presse juin 2024 \u2013 CNPO<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref69\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> Peters, C., Richter, K. K., Wilkin, S., Stark, S., Mir-Makhamad, B., Fernandes, R., &#8230; &amp; Spengler III, R. N. (2024). Archaeological and molecular evidence for ancient chickens in Central Asia. <em>Nature communications<\/em>, <em>15<\/em>(1), 2697.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref69\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a> See also\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/a-rooster-needed-for-a-hen-to-lay-eggs-true-or-false\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A rooster needed for a hen to lay eggs! TRUE or FALSE?<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref69\"><sup>[8] <\/sup><\/a>B\u00e9cot, L., B\u00e9d\u00e8re, N., &amp; Pascale, L. E. (2021). S\u00e9lection sur la ponte des poules en syst\u00e8mes alternatifs \u00e0 la cage. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>34<\/em>(1), 1-14.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref69\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> Sauveur, B. (1988). <em>Reproduction des volailles et production d&#8217;oeufs<\/em>. Quae.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1011\"><sup>[10] <\/sup><\/a>B\u00e9cot, L. (2023). <em>S\u00e9lectionner des poules pondeuses adapt\u00e9es \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes d&#8217;\u00e9levage alternatifs \u00e0 la cage<\/em> (Doctoral dissertation, Agrocampus Ouest).<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1011\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> Michel, V., Arnould, C., Mirabito, L., &amp; Gu\u00e9men\u00e9, D. (2007). Syst\u00e8mes de production et bien-\u00eatre en \u00e9levage de poules pondeuses. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>20<\/em>(1), 47-52.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1213\"><sup>[12] <\/sup><\/a> B\u00e9cot, L., B\u00e9d\u00e8re, N., &amp; Pascale, L. E. (2021). S\u00e9lection sur la ponte des poules en syst\u00e8mes alternatifs \u00e0 la cage:(Full text available in English). <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>34<\/em>(1), 1-14.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1213\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> B\u00e9cot, L. (2023). <em>S\u00e9lectionner des poules pondeuses adapt\u00e9es \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes d&#8217;\u00e9levage alternatifs \u00e0 la cage<\/em> (Doctoral dissertation, Agrocampus Ouest).<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1415\"><sup>[14] <\/sup><\/a>Travel, A., Nys, Y., &amp; Lopes, E. (2010). Facteurs physiologiques et environnementaux influen\u00e7ant la production et la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u0153uf. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>23<\/em>(2), 155-166.<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1415\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> European Commission \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/audits-analysis\/overview\/download\/1878\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Overview report Protection of the welfare of laying hens at all stages of production<\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1819\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> B\u00e9cot, L. (2023). <em>S\u00e9lectionner des poules pondeuses adapt\u00e9es \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes d&#8217;\u00e9levage alternatifs \u00e0 la cage<\/em> (Doctoral dissertation, Agrocampus Ouest).<\/p><p><a href=\"#ref1819\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> Travel, A., Nys, Y., &amp; Lopes, E. (2010). Facteurs physiologiques et environnementaux influen\u00e7ant la production et la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u0153uf. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>23<\/em>(2), 155-166.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-118173bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"118173bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e58b211 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4e58b211\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-295f230a elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"295f230a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/25-06-Does-a-hen-lay-one-egg-per-day.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" download=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download pdf<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f29bd95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f29bd95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keep in mind<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c93774b elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"1c93774b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-egg\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">At peak laying, hens lay one egg every 24 to 26 hours.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-sun\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In order to lay eggs, hens need at least 12 hours of light per day and an ambient temperature below 30\u00b0C.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"Capa_1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewBox=\"0 0 175.938 175.938\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 175.938 175.938;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path d=\"M157.586,32.771c0.189-4.432-1.308-9.012-3.583-11.348c2.154-2.932,3.391-7.297,1.992-10.67 c-0.889-2.143-3.155-4.703-8.9-4.703c-0.453,0-0.928,0.016-1.411,0.045C144.269,2.537,140.753,0,137.019,0 c-1.929,0-5.444,0.695-8.307,5.125c-0.35-0.063-0.739-0.09-1.163-0.09c-2.72,0-7.817,1.516-9.897,5.574 c-1.128,2.205-1.696,5.875,1.699,11.066c-1.793,2.744-7.083,11.647-12.359,28.311c-2.216,6.988-9.731,23.252-31.642,23.252 c-16.402,0-36.853-9.203-60.778-27.353c-0.269-0.207-0.594-0.316-0.932-0.316c-0.125,0-0.245,0.018-0.364,0.047 c-0.453,0.105-0.829,0.414-1.03,0.828c-0.223,0.461-5.026,11.104,12.809,29.277c-2.899,0.613-5.715,2.115-6.686,4.955 c-1.223,3.566,0.93,7.781,6.394,12.52c-1.342,0.602-2.552,1.492-3.125,3.014c-1.057,2.811,0.355,6.904,4.726,13.678 c6.795,10.551,22.351,34.639,59.174,36.621c-0.013,0.146-0.043,0.289-0.043,0.434v18.168h-6.382c-2.985,0-5.41,2.426-5.41,5.414 c0,2.994,2.425,5.414,5.41,5.414h32.863c2.987,0,5.41-2.42,5.41-5.414c0-2.988-2.423-5.414-5.41-5.414H96.321v-18.168 c0-0.158-0.034-0.313-0.052-0.459c15.081-0.906,27.998-5.324,37.612-12.932c11.14-8.811,17.029-21.27,17.029-36.051 c-0.17-8.383-1.299-13.791-2.39-19.031c-1.129-5.422-2.199-10.545-2.284-18.867c-0.082-3.645,1.087-8.598,3.874-11.445 c1.428-1.463,3.151-2.199,5.115-2.199c2.015,0,4.318,0.758,6.843,2.248c0.239,0.146,0.514,0.223,0.788,0.223 c0.23,0,0.461-0.059,0.676-0.158c0.465-0.223,0.79-0.67,0.859-1.184C164.43,46.762,165.332,39.34,157.586,32.771z\"><\/path><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In farming, hens generally lay between 280 and 320 eggs per year and often have short careers.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ccc84e7 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1ccc84e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50e571a elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"50e571a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77e6ee02 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77e6ee02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Key Figure<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eceb762 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6eceb762\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">24 \u00e0 26h<\/span>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7283a6bc elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7283a6bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Temps entre chaque <strong>ponte<\/strong> d&#8217;une poule<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68055265 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"68055265\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19cd79a6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"19cd79a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64f1250b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"64f1250b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-395562b1 elementor-posts--align-center elementor-grid-4 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"395562b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;cards_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:30,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_columns&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.cards\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-cards elementor-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-34533 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news tag-enrichment tag-pullets tag-volailles-en themes-farm-animals especes-poultry media-infographics-en\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-500x500.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-34535\" alt=\"Outdoor and litter access for pullets\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets_Plan-de-travail-1.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Farm animals<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/outdoor-and-litter-access-for-pullets\/\">\n\t\t\t\tOutdoor and litter access for pullets\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-26838 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news themes-farm-animals especes-poultry media-infographics-en\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/all-about-laying-hens\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG-500x500.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-26840\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/vignette-fiche-espece-poule-pondeuse_ENG.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Farm animals<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/all-about-laying-hens\/\">\n\t\t\t\tSpecies sheet &#8211; All about laying hens!\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-9827 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news tag-animaux-delevage tag-farm-animals tag-volailles-en themes-farm-animals especes-poultry media-popular-beliefs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/a-rooster-needed-for-a-hen-to-lay-eggs-true-or-false\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-500x500.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-10108\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ID-recue-poule-coq-oeufs.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Farm animals<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/a-rooster-needed-for-a-hen-to-lay-eggs-true-or-false\/\">\n\t\t\t\tA rooster needed for a hen to lay eggs! TRUE or FALSE?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A hen lays an egg every 24 to 26 hours on average&#8230; but this rate will vary throughout the year and even over the course of her life!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":41778,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[389,498,496,497],"themes":[282],"especes":[300],"media":[320],"class_list":["post-41776","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-animaux-delevage-en","tag-egg","tag-hen","tag-physiology","themes-farm-animals","especes-poultry","media-popular-beliefs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41776","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41776"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41776\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42453,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41776\/revisions\/42453"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41776"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41776"},{"taxonomy":"themes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/themes?post=41776"},{"taxonomy":"especes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/especes?post=41776"},{"taxonomy":"media","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?post=41776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}