{"id":26725,"date":"2023-04-06T17:17:13","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T15:17:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/animal-welfare-improvement-is-always-a-constraint-for-breeders-true-or-false\/"},"modified":"2025-02-04T10:41:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T09:41:35","slug":"animal-welfare-improvement-is-always-a-constraint-for-breeders-true-or-false","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/animal-welfare-improvement-is-always-a-constraint-for-breeders-true-or-false\/","title":{"rendered":"Animal welfare improvement is always a constraint for breeders, TRUE or FALSE?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"26725\" class=\"elementor elementor-26725 elementor-6325\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-268d72ed e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"268d72ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78a6c90b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"78a6c90b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab6e814 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab6e814\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24cd26b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"24cd26b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Image-couverture_ENG-260x260.png-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-33976\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a0be331 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a0be331\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2390763b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2390763b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14654be4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"14654be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Image-couverture_ENG-260x260.png-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-33976\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c71902c elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"c71902c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">FALSE<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__description'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Improving animal welfare doesn't have to be a burden for breeders, and human welfare and animal welfare are closely linked. However, depending on the situation and the improvements needed, they can be a burden for the breeder, who should not have to bear it alone.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1eefe9 elementor-hidden-desktop e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f1eefe9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1593d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c1593d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keep in mind<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75653c0 elementor-align-start elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"75653c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon icon-money-bag1\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Some improvements can be costly for breeders <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-thumbs-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">The majority of animal welfare improvements can be achieved through day-to-day actions that do not require major investments or changes in practices<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-hand-holding-heart\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Improving animal welfare is good for the breeder's welfare: it's an opportunity, not a constraint!<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fe74a1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fe74a1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It&#8217;s an established fact that taking into account and improving animal welfare on farms (but also at home, in animal experimentation&#8230;) is an <strong> important expectation of society<\/strong>! <\/p>\n<p>These improvements can, depending on the case, be implemented through <strong>changes in practices <\/strong> or in <strong>the animals&#8217; environment<\/strong>. Some of these improvements require <strong>little effort,<\/strong> while others require a t<strong>horough overhaul<\/strong> of certain practices or <strong>major investments<\/strong>. In these cases, the constraints on breeders will not be the same. <\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s more, certain improvements, once implemented, can be a <strong>source of satisfaction<\/strong> and contribute to the breeders&#8217; welfare, in line with the &#8220;<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/onewelfare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">one welfare<\/a><\/em><\/strong>&#8221; principle.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to analyzing the literature, we interviewed <strong>three pig breeders<\/strong> (Adrien, Eric, and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric) who have been experimenting with <strong>group sow housing<\/strong>. Some of their comments are reported here.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6feb757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6feb757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a570713 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a570713\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Animal welfare improvement and financial constraints<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3010dcdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3010dcdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Improving animal welfare on livestock farms can sometimes require <strong>major<\/strong> <strong>investments<\/strong>. This is the case, for example, of <strong>modifications to livestock buildings<\/strong> imposed by regulatory changes in recent years.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bff247 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2bff247\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Major investments in building modifications<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4db556bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4db556bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000000518893\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>European Directive 2001\/88\/EC<\/strong><\/a>, transposed into French law by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/id\/LEGITEXT000005633899\/2020-10-20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Order of January 16, 2003<\/strong><\/a>, has made it mandatory since January 1, 2013 for <strong>pregnant sows to be housed in groups<\/strong> (at least for the period between 4 weeks after service and 7 days before farrowing), whereas previously they were confined to <strong>individual stalls<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e448e7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0e448e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02e2790 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"02e2790\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire-1280x834.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6349\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire-1280x834.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire-500x326.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire-1536x1001.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Casser-la-tirelire.png 1592w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f015f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f015f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This evolution, based on <strong>improved scientific knowledge<\/strong> of sows&#8217; behavioral needs<sup id=\"1'\"><a href=\"#1\" data-type=\"internal\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> (more space, greater freedom of movement, better expression of social behavior) has called for upgrades in breeding housing, either through <strong>renovation<\/strong> or the <strong>construction of new buildings.<\/strong> These modifications involve an important <strong>cost<\/strong> and <strong>workload <\/strong> for breeders.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86e8b5f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"86e8b5f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80c8cfc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"80c8cfc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f86a702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f86a702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3bd9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3bd9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb84069 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb84069\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Renovating my building<\/em> (78 stalls for pregnant sows) <em>cost me around \u20ac35,000, and on top of that I had to hire an extra employee for three weeks to help me dismantle and reassemble everything<br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f149a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f149a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the poultry industry, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT00004512475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>decree of February 5, 2022<\/strong><\/a> concerning the ban on the culling of chicks of the Gallus gallus species in the egg industry has required hatcheries <strong>to equip themselves<\/strong> with equipment to determine <em>in ovo<\/em> (i.e. in the egg) <strong>the sex of the embryo<\/strong> in order <strong>to destroy it <\/strong> before hatching (<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/fin-de-la-mise-a-mort-des-poussins-males-dans-la-filiere-poule-pondeuse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">see our decoding article <\/a> on the decree). This regulatory change prevents the killing of millions of male chicks every year, but has needed <strong>significant investment<\/strong> (several tens of millions of euros) in new equipment.<\/p>\n<p>In some cases, <strong>government subsidies or other mechanisms <\/strong> have been put in place to <strong>reduce<\/strong> the financial burden on the sector or on breeders themselves. For example, in the case of <em>in ovo<\/em> sexing, the <strong>French government<\/strong>, through FranceAgriMer, financed part of the equipment in hatcheries to <strong>the tune of 10.5 million euros.<\/strong> At the same time, <strong>an inter-professional contribution<\/strong> has been set up to share the costs incurred by hatcheries with retailers<sup id=\"2'\"><a href=\"#2\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>To bring pig farms up to group housing standards, the government introduced a <strong>subsidy<\/strong>, under conditions, which was set at <strong>20% of eligible investments<\/strong> up to a limit of <strong>15,000 euros per farm<\/strong><sup id=\"3'\"><a href=\"#3\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#3\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d73b2f6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d73b2f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eca7cfb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eca7cfb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d214416 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d214416\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-058db45 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"058db45\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e13ad3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e13ad3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>I received a \u20ac5,000 grant to bring my building into line with the new directive. <\/em><em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a163c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a163c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Despite this, part of the investment often remains <strong>at the breeder&#8217;s expense<\/strong>, and certain developments linked to animal welfare represent an <strong>economic constraint<\/strong> that must be compensated for.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e81ce8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6e81ce8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f4ee08 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"1f4ee08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-26725 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-full'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1f4ee08\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Za_FWn2F\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjM3NSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NoYWlyZS1iZWEudmV0YWdyby1zdXAuZnJcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzA0XC9aYV9GV24yRi5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIxZjRlZTA4In0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F.jpg\"><img width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6375\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F-1280x960.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Za_FWn2F-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-6375'>\n\t\t\t\tIndividual stalls for pregnant sows before Directive 2001\/88\/EC came into force (Adrien\u2019s farm) \n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"1f4ee08\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"oeGitJLY\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjM3OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NoYWlyZS1iZWEudmV0YWdyby1zdXAuZnJcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzA0XC9vZUdpdEpMWS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIxZjRlZTA4In0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/oeGitJLY.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"680\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/oeGitJLY.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6379\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/oeGitJLY.jpg 680w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/oeGitJLY-500x375.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-6379'>\n\t\t\t\tGroup housing of pregnant sows after the directive came into force (Adrien\u2019s farm) \n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c0e98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"54c0e98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ffb3a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0ffb3a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Investments over time<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-797c1a4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"797c1a4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Other investments are <strong>necessary<\/strong> as part of a continuous <strong>improvement approach.<\/strong> <strong>Like carpets <\/strong> to ensure better lying comfort for dairy cows in cubicles, <strong>interactive materials<\/strong> to enrich living conditions for pigs, <strong>enrichment <\/strong> systems installed in poultry buildings&#8230; All these investments, which promote animal welfare, have <strong>a cost<\/strong> for breeders and represent a financial constraint. <\/p>\n<p>But improving animal welfare doesn&#8217;t just mean upgrading buildings&#8230; it can also mean <strong>changing farming practices.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a23c9b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a23c9b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c519c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c519c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Improving animal welfare through profound changes in farming practices<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70e8048 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70e8048\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Changes in practices can also be a <strong>source of constraint<\/strong> for breeders, either when they require major modifications or when existing alternatives are difficult to implement. <\/p>\n<p>First and foremost, these changes may encounter a degree of &#8220;<strong>resistance to change<\/strong>&#8220;. <strong>Educational methods<\/strong> and a good explanation of the objectives and procedures can help breeders to better understand <strong>the benefits <\/strong> of investing in these changes to improve animal welfare. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-660b0c3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"660b0c3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed9fce9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ed9fce9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df3cca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5df3cca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9715b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0c9715b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b2f363 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b2f363\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW27325745 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW27325745 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">I started in 2007 (farrow-to-finish, 300 sows). I was very reluctant and angry at the administration, which was forcing us to group our sows by 01\/2014 at the latest! Aside from the financial aspect, technically, I was afraid of abortions, poor leg conformations and infection resulting from fights during grouping. Fortunately, I worked with my vet beforehand to create homogeneous groups (sows of the same <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW27325745 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">age, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW27325745 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">for example) and to my great surprise, after the first 2-3 days of grouping, the animals were very calm.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><p>ERIC, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-500c486 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"500c486\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d27ef2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7d27ef2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34bf06b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"34bf06b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-381195a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"381195a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-672f122 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"672f122\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW27325745 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW27325745 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\" data-ccp-charstyle-defn=\"{\">Grouping\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW203612530 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW203612530 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\" data-ccp-charstyle-defn=\"{\">was complicated at first. I would say for almost 1 year, the time it took for the sows to get used to each other.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><p>FREDERIC, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3a8989 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3a8989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Even after an adaptation period, some changes can still be <strong>restrictive<\/strong> for breeders.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take the example of the <strong>ban on live castration in piglets<\/strong>, which came into force on January 1, 2022 following the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000041645040\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">decree of February 24, 2020<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/fin-de-la-castration-a-vif-des-porcelets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">see our Decoding article on the decree<\/a>). There are several alternatives to this practice: keeping <strong>entire male pigs<\/strong>, <strong>immunocastration<\/strong> or <strong>surgical castration<\/strong> with the use of a <strong>local analgesic and anesthetic treatment.<\/strong> By way of derogation, this surgical castration may be carried out by breeders, provided they have taken <strong>the regulatory training course designed by the IFIP<\/strong> (French Pig Institute)<sup id=\"4'\"><a href=\"#4\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>. <\/p>\n<p>The use of anesthesia and analgesia <strong>eliminates pain<\/strong> during castration, and is therefore beneficial to piglet welfare. It does, however, require a <strong>change in breeders&#8217; practices<\/strong>. Previously, piglets needed to be handled only once for the castration itself, but now <strong>two manipulations are required<\/strong>, one for anesthesia and analgesia, then one for castration after a 15-minute wait for the product to take effect. This evolution therefore requires <strong>more time, more manipulations, a different organization<\/strong> which can be perceived as a constraint by breeders&#8230; <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a814b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a814b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>However, and this is important to emphasize, the majority of improvements in animal welfare can also be achieved through <strong>day-to-day actions<\/strong>, or simply <strong>better observation of animals<\/strong>, which do not require major investment or upheaval in practices.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37082cef elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"37082cef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b3d18e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b3d18e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Improving animal welfare along the way<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1445ce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1445ce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A better human-animal relationship<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee1da2b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee1da2b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0718f64 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0718f64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-1280x901.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6399\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-1280x901.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-500x352.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-768x540.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-1536x1081.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Relation-homme-animal-2048x1441.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-115764c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"115764c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the best ways of improving animal welfare is to <strong>improve human-animal relationships.<\/strong> There are many human interventions in animal husbandry, and their <strong>perception by the animal <\/strong> has a major influence on its welfare. Implementing practices in a <strong>positive, respectful<\/strong> human-animal relationship is an <strong>essential way<\/strong> to reduce stressful situations for the animal during these interventions, whether they require human <strong>contact<\/strong> or only the <strong>presence<\/strong> of humans<sup id=\"5'\"><a href=\"#5\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. And yet, in many cases, improving human-animal relations <strong>does not require excessive investment <\/strong> or changes in practices on the part of the breeder. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ba64629 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ba64629\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In fact, the human-animal relationship <strong>is built up gradually<\/strong>, as the various interactions take place. It&#8217;s the <strong>balance<\/strong> between positive and negative interactions that determines the state of the relationship. The breeder \u2013 as all humans working with animals \u2013 must therefore <strong>encourage positive contact <\/strong> (calm movements, gentle touch, calm voice, etc.). <strong>Animal habituation<\/strong>, especially at certain sensitive periods in their lives, is also a good thing. <strong>To find out more about the human-animal relationship<\/strong>, please visit <a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/la-chaire-bien-etre-animal-au-sommet-de-lelevage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">our dedicated page<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fcfd51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4fcfd51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22a9494 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22a9494\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Improvement through animal observation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c97f84b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c97f84b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9811b94 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9811b94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"408\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux-1280x653.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6407\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux-1280x653.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux-500x255.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux-768x392.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux-1536x784.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Observation-animaux.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8d2239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8d2239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Another relatively easy avenue for improvement is <strong>to take the time to observe<\/strong> the animals and their behaviors, to <strong>recognize their emotions<\/strong> in order to be able to <strong>better identify their needs<\/strong>, spot possible disorders earlier and <em>ultimately<\/em> improve their welfare. Similarly, <strong>gaining a better understanding of their sensory perceptions<\/strong> and reactions can help to approach the animals, thus fostering the establishment of a <strong>positive human-animal relationship.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-471767f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"471767f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-image\">Improving animal welfare by i<strong>mproving interpersonal practices<\/strong> and gaining a <strong>better understanding<\/strong> of animals\u2019 behavior, emotions and needs is within everyone&#8217;s reach, although it does require sufficient training. Numerous <strong>training courses<\/strong> are available.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49f04305 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"49f04305\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fb9a464 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3fb9a464\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2741278d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2741278d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"423\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/picto-en-resume.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5998\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc66af7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"bc66af7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_left   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h1 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">In brief <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__description'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Depending on the situation and preferred approach, improving animal welfare on the farm can be <strong>more or less demanding<\/strong>. Improvement based on <strong>increased daily attention<\/strong> is not too restrictive, whereas improvement requiring a <strong>modification of the building<\/strong> or certain practices can quickly become difficult to implement. Fortunately, many animal welfare improvements are <strong>also beneficial to the breeder's welfare<\/strong>, and this benefit tilts the balance <strong>in a positive direction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc265a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bc265a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5322fe8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5322fe8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Improving animal welfare is often beneficial to the breeder's welfare<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d10964 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1d10964\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-1280x537.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-26729\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-1280x537.png 1280w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-500x210.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-768x322.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-1536x645.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/One-Welfare_ENG-2048x859.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b867abb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b867abb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Improving animal welfare is often also a source of improved welfare for breeders. This principle is stated in the &#8220;<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/onewelfare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">One Welfare<\/a><\/em><\/strong>&#8221; concept, which means that <strong><em>animal welfare, human welfare and environmental protection<\/em><\/strong> are closely linked. <\/p>\n<p>Improving animal welfare can influence human welfare through <strong>easier animal handling,<\/strong> thus <strong>limiting stress<\/strong> and the <strong>risk of accidents<\/strong>, but also indirectly by <strong>improving animal productivity <\/strong> and reducing, for instance, disease-related costs, thereby increasing breeder income Finally, it has been shown that a high level of animal welfare is often a <strong>source of satisfaction<\/strong> for breeders. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-232cf14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"232cf14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4500e22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4500e22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Improved handling<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b2dfbe6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b2dfbe6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A good human-animal relationship, fostered by <strong>good socialization<\/strong> but also by a <strong>good knowledge<\/strong> of the animals and <strong>their own perception<\/strong>, contributes to the welfare of animals but also of breeders<sup id=\"6'\"><a href=\"#6\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#6\">[6]<\/a><\/sup>. Indeed, animals with less fear of humans are <strong>easier to approach, calmer<\/strong> during moving or handling, whereas certain tasks are more difficult and dangerous when faced with an animal that seeks to avoid human contact<sup id=\"7'\"><a href=\"#7\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup>. However, animals with a very low level of fear of humans can sometimes be more difficult to handle<sup id=\"8'\"><a href=\"#8\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup>. The importance of a good human-animal relationship also applies <strong>to transport<\/strong> to the slaughterhouse. Negative interactions during loading or unloading can <strong>affect meat quality<\/strong><sup id=\"9'\"><a href=\"#9\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#9\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>A good human-animal relationship is therefore particularly <strong>important and beneficial for the breeder<\/strong>, especially as contact and interaction are particularly <strong>frequent<\/strong> on the farm.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e878495 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e878495\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9c1b46 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9c1b46\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-775b7ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"775b7ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7255fc6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7255fc6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eb7478 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9eb7478\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Before<span class=\"TextRun SCXW247544976 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW247544976 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">group housing, the sows rarely saw me walking by, as the corridor was behind them. So they couldn\u2019t see me. Now, they see me a lot more, interact with me more&#8230; so they&#8217;re much better socialized, which makes handling easier and reduces my workload.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW247544976 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW247544976 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42cccbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"42cccbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4841784 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4841784\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact on production and animal health<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eed02b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eed02b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Improving animal welfare also often contributes to <strong>increased farm profitability<\/strong>, whether through <strong>improved animal performance<\/strong> or <strong>lower costs<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>The most obvious link between welfare and productivity is <strong>reduced mortality<\/strong>. Conditions that improve animal survival <strong>increase the breeder&#8217;s sales volumes<\/strong>. This is the case, for example, with <strong>neonatal mortality<\/strong> (lambs, piglets, calves, etc.), which can be reduced by better housing conditions, better disease management or careful colostrum distribution. In fact, the animal&#8217;s health can deteriorate <strong>as a result of stress<\/strong>, which reduces its immune response and increases its vulnerability to disease<sup id=\"10'\"><a href=\"#10\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#10\">[10]<\/a><\/sup>. The breeder then has to <strong>call in his veterinarian<\/strong>, pay for treatment and spend time with the animals that need care, which, in addition to lowering performance, can represent considerable costs. Welfare improvements can <strong>limit these negative impacts<\/strong>, and it has been shown, for example, that <strong>adding straw <\/strong> is both economically profitable and contributes to cattle welfare<sup id=\"11'\"><a href=\"#11\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e852945 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e852945\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a237b68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a237b68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c051e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48c051e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5ecb62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5ecb62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a15363 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a15363\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">Since switching to group housing<\/span><\/span>, <span class=\"TextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">I<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"TextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">find that my animals are healthier<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad6a1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ad6a1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Numerous studies have shown that improving animal welfare is also a f<strong>actor in improving animal performance<\/strong>. For example, it has been shown that reproductive performance in sows<a href=\"#12\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#12\"><sup id=\"12'\">[12]<\/sup> <\/a>and milk production in dairy cows are improved by a good human-animal relationship<sup id=\"13'\"><a href=\"#13\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#13\">[13]<\/a><\/sup>. Similarly, <strong>improved comfort<\/strong> in dairy cows improves productivity and longevity<sup id=\"14'\"><a href=\"#14\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#14\">[14]<\/a><\/sup>. The results of this study also highlighted the fact that, to maximize financial benefits, <strong>welfare must guide all aspects of housing.<\/strong> Finally, it was shown that lambs reared in a <strong>comfortable, enriched environment<\/strong> had better growth, heavier carcasses and better conformation than lambs reared in a non-enriched environment<sup id=\"15'\"><a href=\"#15\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#15\">[15]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1593bf0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1593bf0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72aed8f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"72aed8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e244a7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e244a7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60604d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60604d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0796d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0796d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW259965348 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW41073311 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41073311 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">I think that grouping sows has improved productivity quantitatively, with more &#8220;tonic&#8221; farrowing in particular<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW41073311 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41073311 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">\u00bb <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f437ef5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f437ef5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eed96c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3eed96c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact on breeder satisfaction and working conditions<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c873c76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c873c76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The vast majority of breeders <strong>take great pride in caring for their animals<\/strong> and producing healthy animals with a good level of welfare<sup id=\"16'\"><a href=\"#16\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#16\">[16]<\/a><\/sup>. As a result, breeders with high-welfare farms are <strong>more satisfied and less stressed<\/strong> than breeders with low-welfare farms<sup id=\"17'\"><a href=\"#17\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79b5465 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"79b5465\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f536844 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f536844\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-440126e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"440126e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-732c06b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"732c06b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf8b212 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf8b212\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW247666030 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW247666030 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">I felt more like a breeder. I understood that we could have a good relationship with the sows<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW247666030 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW247666030 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ADRIEN, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d2a6c9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1d2a6c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5286875 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5286875\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da0d5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7da0d5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7730bf7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7730bf7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e437247 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e437247\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">In the end, our working conditions improved, so did the living conditions of our animals. Taking the time to think carefully about our project enabled us to make the most of a forced investment! We never looked back<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ERIC, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3aeff70 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3aeff70\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67cd3f9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"67cd3f9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d197d8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d197d8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/guillements-vert-debut-q44y853hdpw5k2zr6r0yay10aows10zlt5loh1diko.png\" title=\"guillements-vert-debut\" alt=\"guillements-vert-debut\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d59649 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d59649\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d73b8fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d73b8fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW185599542 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW185599542 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">In practical terms, I no longer have to clean up after each sow every morning, and I estimate that I save 35 minutes a day.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><p>ERIC, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a4fa43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9a4fa43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80c2d2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"80c2d2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact on sales price <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bf8b7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3bf8b7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Last but not least, improved animal welfare can be <strong>promoted commercially<\/strong> via certain labels or voluntary initiatives, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.etiquettebienetreanimal.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the animal welfare label developed for broiler chickens.<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdb49e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fdb49e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-141633b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"141633b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In short<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87ae860 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87ae860\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>In many cases, improving animal welfare is <strong>good for the breeder&#8217;s welfare<\/strong>, and should be seen as <strong>an opportunity<\/strong> rather than a constraint. This is particularly the case when improvements are <strong>made on a day-to-day basis<\/strong> through improved practices and better observation of the animals.<\/li><li>However, some welfare improvements <strong>can be costly<\/strong> for breeders, requiring significant investment. Similarly, some improvements can lead to a reduction in the breeder&#8217;s income. Reducing stocking density and increasing the space available per animal can be costly for the breeder, who raises fewer animals in the same given space, but finds other rewards (improved productivity for each animal, better selling price, improved quality of work, etc.).<\/li><li>It seems important to provide <strong> support and assistance processes<\/strong> when implementing these animal welfare improvements for livestock breeders, who should not have to bear the additional costs alone. This could take the form of government subsidies, reduced retailer margins, or consumer acceptance of slightly higher prices for animal products.<\/li><li>Finally, it is important to bear in mind that it&#8217;s not always easy to link improvements in welfare to financial benefits, and that <strong>many other benefits<\/strong> (workload, satisfaction, ease of handling, etc.) are associated and must therefore be taken into account in the cost\/benefit balance.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a2c46b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0a2c46b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Illustration fin r\u00e9sum\u00e9_ENG\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjY3MzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jaGFpcmUtYmVhLnZldGFncm8tc3VwLmZyXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIzXC8wNFwvSWxsdXN0cmF0aW9uLWZpbi1yZXN1bWVfRU5HLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3447\" height=\"3447\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-26731\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG.png 3447w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-260x260.png 260w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Illustration-fin-resume_ENG-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3447px) 100vw, 3447px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdbb943 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bdbb943\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82b26fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"82b26fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additional information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5fbf65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5fbf65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tallet C., Courboulay V., Devillers N., Meunier-sala\u00fcn M.-C., Prunier A., Villain A. (2020). Mieux conna\u00eetre le comportement du porc pour une bonne relation avec les humains en \u00e9levage. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em>, <em>33<\/em>(2), 81\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20870\/productions-animales.2020.33.2.4474<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a9a1924 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"3a9a1924\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9831\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9831\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Reference<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9831\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9831\"><p><sup id=\"1\"><a href=\"#1'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#1'\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> EFSA, 2007. Animal health and welfare aspects of different housing and husbandry systems for adult breeding boars, pregnant, farrowing sows and unweaned piglets. <em>EFSA Journal<\/em> 5(10), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2007.572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2007.572<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"2\"><a href=\"#2'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#2'\">[2]<\/a><\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lafranceagricole.fr\/actualites\/article\/806640\/une-cotisation-interprofessionnelle-pour-les-surcouts-de-l-ovosexage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.lafranceagricole.fr\/actualites\/article\/806640\/une-cotisation-interprofessionnelle-pour-les-surcouts-de-l-ovosexage<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"3\"><a href=\"#3'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#3'\">[3]<\/a><\/sup> Note of February 6, 2008 : <a href=\"https:\/\/info.agriculture.gouv.fr\/gedei\/site\/bo-agri\/instruction-N2008-4006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/info.agriculture.gouv.fr\/gedei\/site\/bo-agri\/instruction-N2008-4006<\/a>. The subsidy was increased in mountain areas and for young farmers.<\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"4\"><a href=\"#4'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#4'\">[4]<\/a><\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/ifip.asso.fr\/centre-de-ressources-castrabea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ifip.asso.fr\/centre-de-ressources-castrabea\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"5\"><a href=\"#5'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#5'\">[5]<\/a><\/sup> Improving animal-human interactions through better relational practices. Fascicule \u00ab Am\u00e9liorer le bien-\u00eatre animal \u00bb Editions Quae <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quae-open.com\/produit\/184\/9782759234615\/le-bien-etre-des-animaux-d-elevage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">https:\/\/www.quae-open.com\/produit\/184\/9782759234615\/le-bien-etre-des-animaux-d-elevage<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"6\"><a href=\"#6'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#6'\">[6]<\/a><\/sup> Tallet C., Courboulay V., Devillers N., Meunier-Sala\u00fcn M.-C., Prunier A., Villain A., 2020. Mieux conna\u00eetre le comportement du porc pour une bonne relation avec les humains en \u00e9levage. <em>INRAE Productions Animales<\/em> <em>33<\/em>(2), 81\u201394. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20870\/productions-animales.2020.33.2.4474\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20870\/productions-animales.2020.33.2.4474<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"7\"><a href=\"#7'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#7'\">[7]<\/a><\/sup> Hemsworth P., 2000. Behavioural principles of pig handling. In: Grandin T. (Eds), <em>Livestock handling and transport<\/em>, 2nd edition, 255-274. CAB International, Oxon, Wallington, UK.<\/p>\n<p>Rault J.-L., Waiblinger S., Boivin X., Hemsworth P., 2020. The Power of a Positive Human\u2013Animal Relationship for Animal Welfare. <em>Frontiers in Veterinary Science<\/em> 7, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.590867\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.590867<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"8\"><a href=\"#8'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#8'\">[8]<\/a><\/sup> Breuer K., Hemsworth P. H., Coleman G. J., 2003. The effect of positive or negative handling on the behavioural and physiological responses of nonlactating heifers. <em>Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/em> 84 (1), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-1591(03)00146-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-1591(03)00146-1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"9\"><a href=\"#9'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#9'\">[9]<\/a><\/sup> Terlouw C., Cassar-Malek I., Picard B., Bourguet C., Deiss V., et al., 2015. Stress en \u00e9levage et \u00e0 l\u2019abattage : impacts sur les qualit\u00e9s des viandes. <em>Productions Animales<\/em> 28(2), 169-182. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20870\/productions-animales.2015.28.2.3023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20870\/productions-animales.2015.28.2.3023<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"10\"><a href=\"#10'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#10'\">[10]<\/a><\/sup> Elodie Merlot, 2004. Cons\u00e9quences du stress sur la fonction immunitaire chez les animaux d\u2019\u00e9levage. <em>Productions Animales<\/em> 17(4), 255-264, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.inrae.fr\/hal-02682983v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/hal.inrae.fr\/hal-02682983v1<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"11\"><a href=\"#11'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#11'\">[11]<\/a><\/sup> Bruijnis M.R.N., Hogeveen H., Stassen E.N., 2013. Measures to improve dairy cow foot health: consequences for farmer income and dairy cow welfare. <em>Animal<\/em> 7(1), 167\u2013175, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1751731112001383\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1751731112001383<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"12\"><a href=\"#12'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#12'\">[12]<\/a><\/sup> Courboulay V., Barbier B., Bellec T., et al., 2022. RHAPORC \u2013 Am\u00e9liorer la relation homme animal en \u00e9levage porcin au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice de l\u2019homme et de ses animaux. <em>Innovations Agronomiques<\/em> 85, 323-334, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17180\/ciag-2022-vol85-art25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17180\/ciag-2022-vol85-art25<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"13\"><a href=\"#13'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#13'\">[13]<\/a><\/sup> Waiblinger S., Menke C., Coleman G., 2002. The relationship between attitudes, personal characteristics and behavior of stockpeople and subsequent behavior and production of dairy cows. <em>Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/em> 79 (3),195-219, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-1591(02)00155-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-1591(02)00155-7<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"14\"><a href=\"#14'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#14'\">[14]<\/a><\/sup> Villettaz Robichaud M., Rushen J., de Passill\u00e9 A.M., Vasseur E., Orsel K., Pellerin D., 2019.<br \/>Associations between on-farm animal welfare indicators and productivity and profitability on Canadian dairies: I. On freestall farms. <em>Journal of Dairy Science<\/em> 102(5), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2018-14817\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2018-14817<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"15\"><a href=\"#15'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#15'\">[15]<\/a><\/sup> Aguayo-Ulloa L.A., Miranda-de la Lama G.C., Pascual-Alsonso M., Olleta J.L., Villarroel M., Sanudo C., Maria G.A., 2014. Effect of enriched housing on welfare, production performance and meat quality in finishing lambs: the use of feeder ramps. <em>Meat Science<\/em> 97 (1), 42\u201348, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meatsci.2014.01.001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meatsci.2014.01.001<\/a><\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"16\"><a href=\"#16'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#16'\">[16]<\/a><\/sup> Hemsworth P.H., Barnett J., Coleman G., 2009. The integration of human-animal relations into animal welfare monitoring schemes. <em>Animal Welfare <\/em> 18(4), 335\u2013345, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0962728600000737\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0962728600000737<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Hemsworth P.H., Coleman G.J., 2011. <em>Human livestock: the stockperson and the productivity and welfare of intensively farmed animals<\/em>, 2nd edition. CABI, Wallingford.<\/p>\n<p><sup id=\"17\"><a href=\"#17'\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#17'\">[17]<\/a><\/sup> Gunnar Hansen B., \u00d8ster\u00e5s O., 2019. Farmer welfare and animal welfare- Exploring the relationship between farmer\u2019s occupational well-being and stress, farm expansion and animal welfare.<br \/><em>Preventive Veterinary Medicine<\/em> 170, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104741\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104741<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33ebf9c3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"33ebf9c3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb8d476 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eb8d476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e79d89 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3e79d89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/23-04-Animal-welfare-improvement-is-always-a-constraint-for-breeders-TRUE-or-FALSE.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download  pdf<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a16441f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a16441f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keep in mind<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8897c0 elementor-align-start elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"b8897c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon icon-money-bag1\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Some improvements can be costly for breeders <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-thumbs-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">The majority of animal welfare improvements can be achieved through day-to-day actions that do not require major investments or changes in practices<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-hand-holding-heart\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Improving animal welfare is good for the breeder's welfare: it's an opportunity, not a constraint!<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3438c3eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3438c3eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4e5d20 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e4e5d20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f8989d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5f8989d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/guillements-vert-debut.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5923\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7561137 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7561137\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">In the end, our working conditions improved, so did the living conditions of our animals. Taking the time to think carefully about our project enabled us to make the most of a forced investment! We never looked back<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW251172930 BCX9\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"normaltextrun\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-401f9ac elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"401f9ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"84\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/guillements-vert-fin.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5925\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d53b888 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d53b888\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd2af79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd2af79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ERIC, PIG BREEDER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18319a5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18319a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a97593 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6a97593\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3023429 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3023429\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6718e8db elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6718e8db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb600a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3cb600a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a22762a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a22762a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc134c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc134c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150bd4d elementor-posts--align-center elementor-grid-4 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"150bd4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;cards_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:30,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_columns&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.cards\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-cards elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-25324 formations type-formations status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry type_formations-personal-training\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/formations\/assessing-dairy-and-beef-cattle-welfare\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/IMG_5827-1-600x400.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-5679\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/IMG_5827-1-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/IMG_5827-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/IMG_5827-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/formations\/assessing-dairy-and-beef-cattle-welfare\/\">\n\t\t\t\tAssessing dairy and beef cattle welfare\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-12309 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news themes-one-welfare-en media-popular-beliefs\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/hedgerows-are-essential-for-the-welfare-of-free-range-animals-true-or-false\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/cows_in_the_meadow-scaled-e1668089609849.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-4124\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">One welfare<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/hedgerows-are-essential-for-the-welfare-of-free-range-animals-true-or-false\/\">\n\t\t\t\tHedgerows are essential for the welfare of free-range animals, TRUE or FALSE?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-9669 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news themes-animal-welfare themes-farming-101 media-popular-beliefs\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/welfare-is-better-in-smaller-farms-true-or-false\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"493\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/vignette-petites-fermes_ENG-500x493.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-29272\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/vignette-petites-fermes_ENG-500x493.png 500w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/vignette-petites-fermes_ENG-1038x1024.png 1038w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/vignette-petites-fermes_ENG-768x758.png 768w, https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/vignette-petites-fermes_ENG.png 1104w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__badge\">Animal welfare<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/welfare-is-better-in-smaller-farms-true-or-false\/\">\n\t\t\t\tWelfare is better in smaller farms! TRUE or FALSE?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-24978 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/serious-game-assess-cow-welfare\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"395\" height=\"261\" src=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/jeu-serieux-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-5683\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/serious-game-assess-cow-welfare\/\">\n\t\t\t\tSerious game : assess cow welfare\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Improving animal welfare doesn&#8217;t have to be a burden for breeders, and human welfare and animal welfare are closely linked. However, depending on the situation and the improvements needed, they can be a burden for the breeder, who should not have to bear it alone. We tell you more!.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":26947,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[253,281,371,251],"themes":[282,284],"especes":[296,287],"media":[320],"class_list":["post-26725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-attentes-societales-en","tag-eleveurs-en","tag-reglementation-en","tag-relation-humain-animal-en","themes-farm-animals","themes-one-welfare-en","especes-cows","especes-pigs","media-popular-beliefs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26725"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33980,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26725\/revisions\/33980"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26947"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26725"},{"taxonomy":"themes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/themes?post=26725"},{"taxonomy":"especes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/especes?post=26725"},{"taxonomy":"media","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chaire-bea.vetagro-sup.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?post=26725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}